The kernel is the defocus blur shape. The shape of the kernel is determined by its number of sides, its rotation, and the shape of its S-curve. This curve represents the shape of the pattern, from its centre to the outside. The default S-curve defines the softness of the blur. You can change the curve by manipulating the two points that define the curve, or you can add points to the curve. Use the Edit Mode box to add and delete points on the curve.